What are the 2 ways a circuit breaker can trip?

A circuit breaker can trip in two primary ways: thermally and magnetically.

Thermal tripping is based on the principle that current flowing through a conductor generates heat. When the current exceeds a predefined threshold, the heat causes a bimetallic strip to bend and trip the breaker, interrupting the circuit. This mechanism is particularly effective for protecting against overloads, which generally draw more current than the circuit is rated to handle.

Magnetic tripping, on the other hand, relies on the magnetic field produced by the current flowing through the breaker. If there is a short circuit, the current increases dramatically, producing a strong magnetic field that ultimately activates the tripping mechanism. This response is instantaneous, providing immediate protection against potentially damaging fault conditions.

Both mechanisms are essential for ensuring safe operation of electrical systems, as they effectively prevent overheating and other hazards associated with electrical faults. Other potential methods mentioned in the incorrect options, such as mechanical or hydraulic systems, do not align with the conventional operation of circuit breakers.