Why is it vital to maintain correct polarity when reinstalling a starter motor?

Maintaining correct polarity when reinstalling a starter motor is vital primarily to avoid damage to the battery. The electrical system of a vehicle is designed to operate with specific voltage polarity; reversing this can cause a short circuit or create a condition that leads to excessive current flow in the wrong direction. This not only risks harming the battery by causing it to overheat or potentially even fail, but it can also cause damage to other electrical components in the system due to improper voltage levels. Hence, connecting the starter motor with the correct polarity is essential for protecting the battery and ensuring the longevity and functionality of the entire electrical system.